Lockwood's Work

Achievements

1929

1930

Lockwood became the secretary of the Amateur Astronomers Association, a group which she continued to work with till the end of her work in planeteria.2

1934

Lockwood gave a series of ten classes on Astronomy at NYU.3

1935

Hayden Planetarium opened to the public and Lockwood was appointed one of three assistant curators to the chief curator of the Hayden Planetarium, Clyde Fisher.2

1935

Lockwood published The Earth Among the Stars with a fellow assistant curator, Arthur L. Draper.1

1936

Lockwood attended a meeting of the American Astronomical Society at Harvard.2

1939

Lockwood published The Story of Astronomy with Draper.3

1940

Lockwood published Lockwood published Astronomy with Clyde Fisher.3

1943

William Barton, associate curator was promoted to chief curator and Lockwood was promoted from assistant curator to associate curator.1

1944

William Barton fell ill and Lockwood assumed role of chief curator until his death in 1945.1

1945

Gordon A. Atwater appointed chief curator and replaces Lockwood. As chief curator, Atwood got ride of all assistant and associate curatorial positions, thus reducing Lockwood to a lecturer position.1

Challenges

Women in STEM

Despite being the most prolific writer out of the curatorial staff, Lockwood was not promoted to associate curator until May 1943, 8 years after starting work as an assistant curator. Additionally, following Dororthy A. Bennett's departure in 1939, Lockwood was the sole female presence on the planetarium staff.1

Hayden Planetarium Lecturers

Post War Ideology

While little evidence remains of Lockwood's year as acting curator of the planetarium, it is apparent that she suffered nearly the same fate as another great female curator at the time, Maude Bennot of the Adler Planetarium. Both Lockwood and Bennot were stripped of their positions when men returned to work after World War II.

On September 1, 1945, Lt. Commander Gordon A. Atwater replaced Lockwood as the new planetarium chairman and chief curator. As the curator, Atwater focused more on protocol and authority rather than past loyalty and competence, thus resulting in his elimination of both associate and assistant curatorial positions. This change reduced Lockwood to nothing more than a lecturer by 1946, thus putting her in a financially restricted position.1

A few months after this change, Lockwood resigned and got a job as managing editor of the Grolier Society, a New York publishing house. Like Bennot, Lockwood never returned to planeteria or astronomical teaching.

The roles these two women attained as acting directors were unique to their time, as postwar women would not be in positions of leadership like such for a couple decades.1 Gender equity was a temporary measure women like Lockwood benefited from, before the ideology of male superiority eclipsed this belief in the postwar period.

  1. Marche, Jordan. Theaters of Time and Space: American Planetaria. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 2005. https://books.google.com/books?id=fA9YJxUKjMkC&dq=howes+american+women+vol+3+lockwood&source=gbs_navlinks_s
  2. American Museum of Natural History. Lockwood Staff Data Sheet. 1965, p.1
  3. American Museum of Natural History. Lockwood Staff Data Sheet. 1965, p.2